Renal imaging
Which renal test answers which question, reading a renal ultrasound step by step (size, echogenicity, hydronephrosis, cysts), CT KUB versus CT urogram, the Bosniak classes, nuclear scans (DTPA, MAG3, DMSA) and when catheter angiography is still needed.
Tier 2Medical sciences concept
Written with AI assistance and fact-checked against the sources below. For exam study, not clinical decisions. How notes are made
At a glance
- Start with ultrasound for almost every kidney question: size, symmetry, cortex, hydronephrosis, cysts and the bladder. No radiation or contrast.
- Non-contrast CT KUB for stones. CT urogram for visible haematuria and suspected upper tract tumour. The IV urogram is obsolete.
- Nuclear scans give function rather than anatomy: DTPA (filtration), MAG3 (tubular secretion and drainage), DMSA (cortex and scars).
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Finished reading?
Sources
- RANZCR Iodinated Contrast Media Guideline v2.3 (under review in 2026)AU/NZRoyal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists, v2.3 (2018)
- Gadolinium-containing MRI Contrast Agents GuidelinesAU/NZRoyal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
- InsideRadiology (referrer and consumer information on renal ultrasound, CT urogram and nuclear renal scans)AU/NZRoyal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Management in Primary Care, 5th editionAU/NZKidney Health Australia, 2024
- Silverman SG et al. Bosniak classification of cystic renal masses, version 2019: an update proposal and needs assessment. Radiology 2019;292:475-88Radiology, 2019
- Davenport MS et al. Use of intravenous iodinated contrast media in patients with kidney disease: consensus statements from the American College of Radiology and the National Kidney Foundation. Radiology 2020;294:660-8Radiology, 2020
- Last updated
- 14 November 2026
What changed
- 14 November 2026 Personal emails, About story and Australian-style copy