Diabetic ketoacidosis
Diagnosis (including euglycaemic DKA with SGLT2 inhibitors), fluids, fixed-rate insulin, potassium and safe transition to subcutaneous insulin.
Tier 1Condition
Written with AI assistance and fact-checked against the sources below. For exam study, not clinical decisions. How notes are made
At a glance
- Absolute or relative insulin deficiency plus counter-regulatory hormone excess leads to lipolysis, ketogenesis and a high anion gap metabolic acidosis.
- Can occur in type 1 or type 2 diabetes, and is the first presentation of type 1 in a substantial minority.
- Treatment priorities: fluids, fixed-rate insulin, potassium, then find and treat the precipitant.
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Sources
- Periprocedural diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) with SGLT2 inhibitor use in people with diabetes (alert update)AU/NZADS, ADEA, ANZCA and NZSSD, May 2023
- The management of diabetic ketoacidosis in adultsJoint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care, 2023
- Hyperglycemic crises in adults with diabetes: a consensus reportADA, EASD, JBDS, AACE and DTS (Umpierrez et al., Diabetes Care 2024;47:1257-75), 2024
- Diabetes (Therapeutic Guidelines)AU/NZTherapeutic Guidelines Ltd
- Last updated
- 14 November 2026
What changed
- 14 November 2026 Turnstile bot check on sign-in and signed-out feedback